基于 LEARNS健康教育模式的心脏康复运动方案在 PCI术后患者中的应用 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的  构建基于 LEARNS［聆听（listen，L）、建立（establish，E）、应用（adopt，A）、强化（reinforce，R）、命名（name，N）和加强（strengthen，S）］健康教育模式的急性冠脉综合征（acute coronary syndrome，ACS）经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（percutaneouscoronary intervention，PCI）患者心脏康复运动方案，在临床实施并观察其效果。方法  采用便利抽样法，选取 2024 年 2 月— 5月在北京市某三级甲等综合医院冠脉综合病房住院并接受 PCI 的 78 例 ACS 患者为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为试验组和对照组，分别 39 例，对照组实施常规健康教育，试验组应用基于 LEARNS 健康教育模式的 PCI 术后心脏康复运动方案。干预自出院第 1 天开始，持续 2w，比较两组患者干预后康复运动参与意愿、运动自我效能和运动状况。结果  共 76 例患者完成研究，试验组和对照组各 38 例。干预后，试验组患者康复运动参与意愿和运动自我效能评分高于对照组，两组比较，差异具有统计学意义（均 P<0.001）；试验组运动状况优于对照组，两组比较，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论  实施基于 LEARNS健康教育模式的 PCI 术后心脏康复运动新方案，可提高 ACS 患者心脏康复运动参与意愿、运动自我效能，改善其运动状况，有效促进心脏康复。

Objective To develop a new cardiac rehabilitation exercise program based on the LEARNS health education model for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI），and to evaluate its effectiveness. Methods A total of 78 inpatients with acute coronary syndrome（ACS）who received PCI between February and May 2024 in a tertiary hospital were enrolled. Using a random number table，participants were assigned to either an intervention group or a control group（n=39 each）. The control group received routine health education，while the intervention group received a cardiac rehabilitation exercise program developed based on the LEARNS model. The intervention started during hospitalization and lasted for two weeks. After the intervention，patients’willingness to participate in Phase II cardiac rehabilitation，exercise self-efficacy and exercise behavior，were evaluated. Results All 76 patients completed the study. After the intervention，the intervention group showed significantly higher scores in willingness to participate in rehabilitation（P<0.001）and exercise self-efficacy（P<0.001）compared with the control group. In terms of exercise behaviors，the intervention group also performed better than the control group，with statistically significant differences across related indicators（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of a new PCI postoperative rehabilitation program based on the LEARNS health education model can significantly enhance patients’willingness to participate in Phase II cardiac rehabilitation，improve their exercise self-efficacy and behavior，and effectively promote the implementation and sustainability of cardiac rehabilitation.