NICU护士对机械通气早产儿体位管理促进和阻碍因素的质性研究 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的  分析新生儿重症监护病房（neonatal intensive care unit，NICU）护士对机械通气早产儿实施体位管理的促进和阻碍因素，为改善机械通气早产儿体位管理质量提供参考。方法  应用描述现象学研究，采用目的抽样法，于 2024 年 3 月—5 月选取太原市 4 所三级甲等综合医院 NICU 12 名护士为访谈对象，进行面对面半结构式访谈，运用 Colaizzi 7 步分析法对访谈资料进行整理，分析提炼主题。结果  机械通气早产儿体位管理的促进因素包括经验性管理、责任心、共情力、职业认同感和反思与总结；阻碍因素包括护士体位管理认知缺乏、体位管理知识缺乏、存在风险和隐患、人力资源配置不当、科研成果难以转化和体位管理方案缺乏。结论  NICU 护士在机械通气早产儿体位管理中存在促进和阻碍因素，可通过干预提高机械通气早产儿体位管理质量。

Objective To analyze the obstacles and promoting factors of NICU nurses postural management of mechanically ventilated premature infants，and to provide reference for improving the postural management quality of mechanically ventilated premature infants. Methods From March to May 2024，12 nurses in NICU of 4 Grade A hospitals in were subjected by objective sampling during the period of phenomenological study，and investigated by semi-structured in-depth interviews. Colaizzi seven-step analysis was used for sorting out the interview data and analyzing the topics. Results The promoting factors for position management of premature infants on mechanical ventilation include empirical management，sense of responsibility，empathy，professional identity and reflection and summary； the hindering factors include nurses’lack of cognition of position management，lack of knowledge of position management，existence of risks and hidden dangers，improper allocation of human resources，difficulty in transforming scientific research achievements and lack of position management plans. Conclusion NICU nurses have obstacles and promoters to posture management of premature infants with mechanical ventilation，and intervention can improve posture management quality of premature infants with mechanical ventilation.