中医专科护士科研培训偏好的异质性分析 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的? 通过分析中医专科护士科研培训的选择偏好，为优化科研培训策略提供参考依据。方法? 应用离散选择实验法设计问卷，采用分层抽样法于 2025 年 5 月— 6 月选取广东省 4 大区域的 650 名中医专科护士为研究对象，构建混合Logit 回归模型进行偏好分析。结果? 574 名中医专科护士完成调查。其中，内容侧重、培训形式、培训周期、成果导向、师资水平和支付费用对中医专科护士科研培训的选择偏好有影响（均 P<0.001），效用最高组合方案为“中西医结合临床研究（RCT/ 类实验）+4w（全日制）+ 中医临床经验丰富 + 中医类论文 / 课题 / 案例撰写指导”，模型预测该方案选择概率为 97.1%。此外，不同医院类型和科研能力水平的专科护士对属性水平偏好不同（均 P<0.001）。结论? 培训周期为 4w 是学员最关注的属性，其次为成果导向和师资水平。未来，需以短期高效为基础，构建精准化、系统化的培训供给体系，以满足不同群体的科研能力提升需求。

Objective To provide a reference basis for optimizing research ability training strategies by analyzing the selection preferences and willingness to pay for research ability training of traditional Chinese medicine specialty nurses. Methods A questionnaire was designed using the discrete choice experiment method，and 650 traditional Chinese medicine specialty nurses from 4 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province were selected as the research subjects from May to June 2025 using stratified sampling. A mixed Logit regression model was constructed for preference analysis. Results Toally 574 nurses finished the survey. Content focus， training form，training cycle，outcome orientation，teacher level，and out-of-pocket expenses had significant effects on the preference for scientific research ability training of traditional Chinese medicine specialty nurses（all P<0.001）. The combination scheme with the highest utility was“integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine clinical research（RCT/quasi-experiment）+ 4 weeks（full-time）+ rich clinical experience in traditional Chinese medicine + guidance on writing traditional Chinese medicine papers/projects/cases.” Specialty nurses from different hospital types and scientific research ability levels had different weights for attribute level preferences（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The training cycle is the attribute that trainees are most concerned about，followed by outcome orientation and teacher level. In the future，it is necessary to build a precise and systematic training supply system based on short-term efficiency to meet the needs of different groups for improving scientific research capabilities.