胃癌术后患者居家营养管理的最佳证据总结 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的 检索、评价并汇总胃癌术后患者居家营养管理的最佳证据，为临床医护人员提供参考。方法 依据“6S”证据金字塔模型，采用计算机检索 UpToDate，PubMed，Embase，Cochrane Library，Web of Science，CNKI，维普，万方，苏格兰院际指南网（Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network，SIGN），英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所（National Institute for Health and CareExcellence，NICE）网站，国际指南协作网（Guidelines International Network，GIN），美国国立实践技术指南库（National GuidelineClearinghouse，NGC），加拿大安大略注册护士协会（Registered Nurse’s Association of Ontario，RNAO）网站，中国临床肿瘤学会（Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology，CSCO）指南网，物理治疗证据数据库（Physiotherapy Evidence Database，PEDro），美国国家癌症综合网（National Comprehensive Cancer Net-work，NCCN），中华医学会（China Medical Association，CMA）网站，美国肠外肠内营养学会（American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition，ASPEN）网站，欧洲临床营养与代谢协会（European Society forClinical Nutrition and Metabolism，ESPEN）网站，医脉通中关于胃癌术后患者居家营养管理的临床指南、系统评价、专家共识、临床决策、证据总结、随机对照试验（randomized controlled trial，RCT）。检索时限为 2014 年 1 月 1 日至 2024 年 6 月 30 日。由 2名经过循证护理系统培训的研究人员独立筛选、评价文献。结果 最终纳入 13 篇文献，其中临床指南 5 篇、专家共识 5 篇、临床决策 1 篇、随机对照试验研究 2 篇。从营养随访、营养风险筛查与评估、口服营养健康教育、管饲肠内营养健康教育、营养素需求健康教育、并发症管理和生活管理 7 个方面汇总了 32 条最佳证据。结论 本研究总结的胃癌术后患者居家营养管理证据可为临床医护人员提供循证依据。

Objective To retrieve, evaluate and summarise the best evidence in home nutrition management for patients after gastric cancer surgery, so as to provide a reference for medical staff. Methods According to the“6S”mode of evidence-based resource retrieval, desktop work was conducted to search the databases of UpToDate, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）, VIP database, Wanfang database, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network（SIGN）, the website of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence（NICE）, Guidelines International Network（GIN）, National Guideline Clearinghouse（NGC）, the website of Registered Nurses’Association of Ontario（RNAO）, the guidelines website of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology（CSCO）, Physiotherapy Evidence Database（PEDro）, National Comprehensive Cancer Network（NCCN）, the website of China Medical Association（CMA）, the website of American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition（ASPEN）, the website of European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism（ESPEN）, and Yimaitong for clinical guidelines, systematic evaluations, expert consensuses, clinical decisions, evidence summaries and randomised controlled trials（RCTs）in home nutrition management for the patients after gastric cancer surgery. The retrieved data was from 1st January, 2014 to 30th June, 2024. Two researchers who had systematic training in evidence-based nursing independently screened and evaluated the retrieved literature. Results A total of 13 documents were finally included, covering 5 clinical guidelines, 5 expert consensuses, 1 clinical decision and 2 RCT studies. Thirtytwo pieces of the best evidence were summarised from seven aspects of nutritional follow-up, nutritional risk screening and assessment, health education of oral nutrition, health education of tube-fed enteral nutrition, health education of nutrient requirement, complication management and life management. Conclusion The evidence summarised in this study on home nutrition management for the patients after gastric cancer surgery can be used as a reference for medical staff.