基于老龄化社会背景下照顾者疲乏的概念分析 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的  分析照顾者疲乏概念的定义及其内涵，为照顾者和护理人员照顾与护理老年人提供参考。方法  系统检索中国知网，万方数据库，中国生物医学文献数据库，PubMed，EMbase，Scopus，Web of Science 数据库中与照顾者疲乏相关的文献，检索时限为建库至 2024 年 6 月 15 日。应用 Walker 和 Avant 概念分析法进行分析。结果  共纳入 41 篇文献。照顾者疲乏的定义属性包括对身体精神产生双重影响、主观感受、随时间变化、提供照顾时产生和对照顾双方均产生负面影响 5 个方面。其前因包括照顾者角度、被照顾者角度和环境角度，后果包括对照顾者及被照顾者双方产生影响。疲乏的实证测评指标包括个人疲乏强度量表（checklist individual strength，CIS）、疲乏评定量表（fatigue assessment instrument，FAI）和疲劳量表 -14（fatiguescale-14，FS-14）。结论  采用 Walker 和 Avant 概念分析方法能明确老年人照顾者疲乏的 5 个属性，护理人员应从多维度对照顾者的疲乏程度进行关注和评估，有效识别和尽早干预老年人的照顾者疲乏。

Objective To clarify the concept of caregiver fatigue in an aging society and to provide references in the elderly people nursing. Methods Literature on caregiver fatigue was systematically retrieved from databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI），Wanfang Data，Chinese Biomedical Literature Database，PubMed，EMbase，Scopus，and Web of Science from the inception to June 15th 2024. Walker and Avant’s framework for concept analysis was performed to analyse the retrieved literature. Results Forty-one papers were included in the study. Caregiver fatigue was identified to comprise of five defining attributes： simultaneous physical and psychological burden，subjective perception，changing over time，negative impact arising from caregiving，and negative impact on both caregivers and care recipients. Antecedents included three perspectives：caregiver-related，care-recipient-related and environmental，The consequences included an impact on both the caregiver and the person being cared for. Empirical assessment indicators of fatigue include the checklist individual strength（CIS）and the fatigue assessment instrument（FAI）and fatigue scale-14 （FS-14，FS-14）. Conclusion Walker and Avant’s conceptual analysis identifies five attributes of caregiver fatigue. Nurses should pay attention to and evaluate the degree of caregiver fatigue from multiple perspectives，thereby effectively identifying and intervening in the fatigue as early as possible.