老年患者生活空间移动性受限现状、影响因素及护理对策 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的 调查老年患者生活空间移动性受限现状及其影响因素，并总结护理对策。方法 采用便利抽样法，2025年 3 月— 5 月选取湖南省某三级甲等综合医院门诊 415 例老年患者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查问卷、生活空间评估量表（life space assessment，LSA）、积极老龄化量表（active aging scale，AAS）和跌倒警觉度量表（self-awareness of falls in elderly scale，SAFE）进行调查，并通过单因素和 Logistic 回归分析其影响因素。结果 415 例老年患者完成研究。门诊老年患者生活空间移动性总体得分为（67.01±21.01）分，受限率 23.13%。Logistic 回归分析结果显示，家庭人均月收入高、职工医保、跌倒警觉度高以及中等偏上积极老龄化是老年患者生活空间移动性受限的保护因素，而年龄≥ 80 岁、居住于农村及有跌倒史是其危险因素（均 P<0.05）。结论 门诊老年患者生活空间移动性处于中等水平。医护人员可从提升积极老龄化程度、增强其跌倒警觉度角度提高老年患者的生活空间移动性水平，改善其行动能力与生活质量。

Objective To identify the current situation and factors influencing the limited mobility in living space for elderly outpatients and to summarise the nursing countermeasures. Methods A total of 415 elderly outpatients from our hospital were selected by convenience sampling from March to May 2025. A general information questionnaire，the life space assessment（LSA），the active aging scale（AAS）and the self-awareness of falls in elderly scale（SAFE）were used for investigation. Single factor and Logistic regression analysis were employed to analyse the influencing factors. Results A total of 415 elderly outpatients completed the study. The overall score of mobility in living space of elderly patients was（67.01±21.01）with a limitation rate at 23.13 %. Logistic regression analysis showed that per capita monthly income of the fanily，medical insurance for people at work，higher awareness of falling and a moderate to higher active aging people were the factors that affected limited mobility in living space for the elderly patients，while age≥ 80 years old， living in rural areas and previous fall experience were identified as risk factors（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The mobility in living space for elderly patients is at a medium level. Medical staff can improve the mobility in the living space，improve their mobility and quality of life by improving the active aging and enhancing the awareness of falling.