基于症状体验模型的骨质疏松性骨折患者症状评估量表的信度、效度检验 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的  检验骨质疏松性骨折患者症状评估量表的信度和效度，为进行精准症状管理提供评估工具。方法  基于症状体验模型，使用本团队前期编制的骨质疏松性骨折患者症状评估量表，通过预试验形成临床测试版量表。采用便利抽样法，选取 2023 年 5 月— 2024 年 10 月在广东省某三级甲等综合医院住院治疗的 202 例骨质疏松性骨折患者作为研究对象，采用骨质疏松性骨折患者症状评估量表临床测试版进行调查，采用项目分析、信度和效度检验法检验量表的信度和效度。结果  200例患者完成研究。最终形成的骨质疏松性骨折患者症状评估量表包括 21 个条目，共提取生理症状群、心理症状群、疼痛症状群、骨质疏松特异症状群、并发症症状群、骨折特异症状群 6 个公因子，累计方差贡献率为 70.724%。总量表的 Cronbach α系数为 0.902，折半信度为 0.771，重测信度为 0.930；量表的内容效度指数为 0.952，各条目的内容效度指数为 0.833~1.000。结论  本骨质疏松性骨折患者症状评估量表具有较好的信度和效度，适用于骨质疏松性骨折患者的症状群评估，可为制定个性化的症状群管理策略提供依据。

Objective To develop a symptom cluster assessment scale for patients with osteoporotic fracture based on the symptom experience model and examine its reliability and validity，therefore providing an assessment tool for precise symptom management. Methods Based on the symptom experience model，a clinical trial version of the symptom cluster assessment scale for patients with osteoporotic fracture，developed prior to this study，was established through the pilot study for patients with osteoporotic fractures. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 202 patients with osteoporotic fracture hospitalised in our hospital between May 2023 and October 2024. The clinical trial version of the assessment scale was applied，and its reliability and validity were examined through item analysis，reliability testing and validity assessment. Results A total of 200 patients completed study. The finalised version of the assessment scale comprised 21 items，including six common factors：physiological symptoms，psychological symptoms，pain symptoms， osteoporosis-specific symptoms，complication symptoms，and fracture-specific symptoms，with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 70.724%. The scale demonstrated a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.902，split-half reliability of 0.771，and test-retest reliability of 0.930. The content validity index for the scale was 0.952，with individual content validity indices range from 0.833 to 1.000. Conclusion The symptom cluster assessment scale for patients with osteoporotic fracture demonstrates satisfactory reliability and validity. It provides a basis for development of individualised symptom cluster management strategies.