护生心境与胃肠道症状的纵向双向预测关系及对策 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的  探讨在读护理本科生（以下简称“护生”）心境与胃肠道症状的双向预测关系，比较健康行为对心境与胃肠道症状的影响。方法  采用便利抽样法，于 2024 年 9 月— 2025 年 1 月，选取本市某高校 217 名护生作为研究对象，使用胃肠道症状评定量表（gastrointestinal symptom rating scale，GSRS）和积极 - 消极情感量表（positive and negative affect schedule，PANAS），连续 5 个月每个月（T1~T5）定时进行 1 次调查。采用 Spearman 相关分析心境得分与胃肠道症状得分的相关性，采用Amos26.0 建立交叉滞后模型，分析心境与胃肠道症状的纵向预测关系。结果  196 名护生完成调查。T1~T5 护生的消极情感与胃肠道症状正相关（r=0.331~0.394，均 P<0.001）。交叉滞后模型表明，T3 消极情感正向预测 T4 胃肠道症状（β=0.217，P<0.05），T4胃肠道症状正向预测 T5消极情感（β=0.138，P<0.001）。有睡眠问题、饮食不规律和高压力可能是心境与胃肠道症状的风险因素。结论  护生的消极情感与胃肠道症状存在纵向双向作用路径，应重视情绪调控与健康生活方式的促进，多层面综合干预以改善其心身健康。

Objective To explore the correlation of bidirectional prediction between the mood and gastrointestinal symptoms in nursing students and examine the influences on health behaviours of the mood and gastrointestinal symptoms. Methods Convenience sampling was used to recruit 217 nursing students in our university between September 2024 and January 2025. Data were collected with the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale（GSRS）and the positive and negative affect schedule（PANAS）once a month（at T1-T5 ）for five consecutive months. Spearman’s correlation analysis was employed to examine the correlation between the mood and gastrointestinal symptoms. Amos 26.0 was used to construct a cross-lagged model for analysis of the longitudinal predictive correlation between the mood and gastrointestinal symptoms. Results A total of 196 nursing students completed the study. It was found that the negative affect of mood positively correlated with gastrointestinal symptoms（r=0.331-0.394，all P<0.001）. Cross-lagged model showed that the negative affect of mood at T3 predicted gastrointestinal symptoms in T4 （β=0.217，P<0.05）and gastrointestinal symptoms at T4 predicted negative affect of mood in T5 （β=0.138，P<0.001）. Sleeping disorder，irregular diet and high stress were probably the risk factors associated with the mood and gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusion Negative affect of mood and gastrointestinal symptoms in nursing students demonstrates a longitudinal bidirectional correlation. Emphasis should be placed on regulation of emotions and promotion of healthy lifestyle，with multilevel comprehensive interventions to improve the physical and mental health of nursing students.