适老化健康教育对老年高血压患者血压控制和数字健康技术焦虑的影响 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的  探讨认知 - 行为转变模型下适老化健康教育对老年高血压患者血压控制和数字健康技术焦虑的影响。方法  选择 2023 年 9 月— 12 月本院门诊就诊的老年高血压患者作为对照组，采用常规健康教育，选择 2024 年 1 月— 3 月本院门诊就诊的 44 例门诊老年高血压患者为研究组，在常规健康教育基础上行认知 - 行为转变模型下适老化健康教育，包括适老化健康教育材料的制作、健康宣教形式符合老年人特点和适老化居家健康指导，干预时间均为 9 个月。比较两组患者血压、自我管理行为、高血压治疗依从性、健康素养、数字健康技术焦虑程度。结果  研究组患者的收缩压、舒张压干预前后差值高于对照组；研究组患者数字健康技术焦虑程度、自我管理行为、高血压治疗依从性、健康素养干预前后差值高于对照组，组间比较，差异有统计学意义（均 P<0.05）。结论  认知 - 行为转变模型下适老化健康教育可提升门诊老年高血压患者治疗依从性和血压控制效果，缓解其数字健康技术焦虑程度，并相应提升其自我管理能力和健康素养。

Objective To examine the effects of aging-adapted health education based on the cognitive-behavioural transition model on blood pressure（BP）control and digital health technology anxiety among elderly outpatients with hypertension. Methods Outpatients consecutive between September 2023 and December 2023 were assigned as the control group and received routine health education. Forty-four elderly outpatients with hypertension and visited our hospital between January 2024 and March 2024 were assigned to the intervention group and received the same routine education plus aging-adapted health education based on the cognitivebehavioural transition model，including the production of elderly-friendly health materials，the forms of health education in line with the characteristics of the elderly and the guidance of elderly-friendly home health. Both of interventions lasted for nine months. Comparison between groups included systolic/diastolic pressure，self-management behaviours，adherence of antihypertensive therapy，health literacy and digital-health technology anxiety. Results Intervention group showed significantly greater pre–post intervention improvements in systolic and diastolic BP，self-management behaviours，treatment adherence，health literacy and reductions in digital health technology anxiety than those of the control group（all P<0.05）. Conclusion Aging-adapted health education based on the cognitive-behavioural transition model improves treatment adherence and blood pressure control，alleviates digital health technology anxiety，and enhances self-management and health literacy in elderly outpatients with hypertension.