资源保存理论下护士情绪智力在任务多样性与角色模糊间的中介效应研究 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的  探讨资源保存理论下护士情绪智力在任务多样性与角色模糊间的中介作用。方法  采用便利抽样法，于2025 年 5 月— 6 月选取福建省某三级甲等综合医院的 343 名护士作为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、情绪智力量表、任务多样性量表和角色模糊量表对其进行调查。采用 Spearman 相关分析护士情绪智力、任务多样性与角色模糊之间相关性；采用Process 宏程序探究护士情绪智力在任务多样性与角色模糊间的中介效应。结果  共 332 名护士完成研究。护士情绪智力得分为（69.41±13.06）分，任务多样性得分为（16.68±2.52）分，角色模糊得分为（19.59±2.75）分，两两呈正相关（均 P<0.001）。中介效应分析显示，任务多样性对角色模糊影响的总效应为 0.264（P<0.001），直接效应为 0.114（P=0.030），情绪智力在任务多样性与角色模糊间起部分中介效应，间接效应为 0.150（95%CI：0.090~0.217），中介效应占总效应的 56.82%。结论  护士的情绪智力处于中等偏上水平，任务多样性处于较高水平，角色模糊程度处于中等偏低水平。情绪智力在护士任务多样性与角色模糊间起部分中介作用，护理管理者应重视工作任务的分配状况，通过积极提升护士的情绪智力，赋能护士更好地管理任务多样性带来的情绪和认知挑战，最终实现任务设计 - 能力发展 - 角色清晰化的良性循环。

Objective To examine whether the emotional intelligence mediates between task diversity and role ambiguity of nurses based on resource conservation theory. Methods Convenient sampling was employed to recruit 343 nurses from 3 Tier-IIIA hospitals in Fujian Province between May and June 2025. Data were collected by a general data questionnaire，the emotional intelligence scale，task diversity scale and role ambiguity scale. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to identify the correlations between emotional intelligence，task diversity and role ambiguity in the nurses. PROCESS macro program was used to explore the mediating role of emotional intelligence between task diversity and role ambiguity. Results Toally 332 nurses finished the study. Scores of emotional intelligence，task diversity and role ambiguity were 69.41±13.06，16.68±2.52 and 19.59±2.75，respectively. All of the variables were positively correlated（all P<0.001）. The total effect of task diversity on the role ambiguity was 0.264（P<0.001）and 0.114（P=0.030） on the direct effect. Emotional intelligence partially mediated between task diversity and role ambiguity，with an indirect effect value of 0.150（95%CI：0.090~0.217）. The mediating effect accounted for 56.82% of the total effect. Conclusion This study demonstrates a moderately high level of emotional intelligence，a high level of task diversity and a moderately low level of role ambiguity among the nurses. It is found that the emotional intelligence partially mediates between task diversity and role ambiguity. Nursing managers should pay close attention to workload allocation. Strategies such as actively enhancing emotional intelligence，empowering the nurses to manage the emotional and cognitive challenges arisen from task diversity may help the nurses establish a virtuous cycle of task design，ability development and role clarification.