家长营养知识在家庭社会经济地位与学龄前儿童食物恐新症间的中介效应 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的 探讨家长营养知识在家庭社会经济地位与学龄前儿童食物恐新症间的中介效应，为预防儿童食物恐新症提供实证依据。方法 采用便利抽样法，于 2024 年 11 月— 12 月，选取乌鲁木齐市 8 所幼儿园学龄前儿童的 820 名家长作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、儿童食物恐新症量表（the child food Neophobias scale，CFNS）、营养知识调查问卷进行调查，使用 Spearman 相关分析家庭社会经济地位、家长营养知识和儿童食物恐新症三者之间的相关性，并通过 PROCESS v4.1 插件检验中介效应。结果 回收有效问卷 772 份，学龄前儿童家庭社会经济地位得分 3.50（2.92，4.08）分，家长营养知识总分 8.00（6.99，9.00）分，儿童食物恐新症总分 25.00（23.00，27.00）分。家庭社会经济地位与儿童食物恐新症正相关（r=0.223，P<0.01），与家长营养知识负相关（r=-0.217，P<0.01），家长营养知识与儿童食物恐新症负相关（r=-0.306，P<0.01）。中介效应分析结果显示，家长营养知识在家庭社会经济地位与儿童食物恐新症间起部分中介作用（效应值为 0.110），中介效应占总效应的 18.35%。结论 家庭社会经济地位和家长营养知识对学龄前儿童食物恐新症具有影响，且家长营养知识是社会经济地位对儿童食物恐新症作用路径中的中介变量。

Objective To examine the nutritional knowledge of parents in mediation between family socioeconomic status（SES） and food neophobia in preschoolers，thereby providing empirical evidence to prevent preschoolers from food neophobia. Methods A convenience sampling method was employed to enrol parents of preschoolers from eight nursery schools in Urumqi between November and December 2024. Data were collected with a general information form，the child food neophobia scale（CFNS），and a nutritionknowledge questionnaire. Spearman correlations were used to assess relations among family SES，parental nutrition knowledge and child food neophobia. Mediation was tested with PROCESS v4.1 macro. Results Of 772 valid questionnaires，the median score of family SES was of 3.50（2.92-4.08），parental nutrition-knowledge score of 8.00（6.99-9.00），and child food-neophobia score of 25.00（23.00- 27.00）. Family SES was positively correlated with food neophobia（r=0.223，P<0.01）and negatively with nutrition knowledge（r=?0.217， P<0.01），nutrition knowledge was negatively correlated with food neophobia（r=?0.306，P<0.01）. Mediation analysis showed that parental nutrition knowledge partially mediated the SES and food neophobia（indirect effect=0.110），accounting for 18.35 % of the total effect. Conclusion Both of family SES and parental nutrition knowledge affect food neophobia in preschoolers. Parental nutrition knowledge acts as a partial mediator in the pathway from SES to food neophobia.