儿科护士职业获益感与人格特质和内部职场环境的相关性研究 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的  调查儿科护士职业获益感现状，分析其与人格特质及内部职场环境的相关性，为儿科护士管理提供参考。方法  采用便利抽样法，于 2022 年 8 月— 12 月选取全国 15 个省、31 个城市 130 所医院 552 名儿科护士作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、护士职业获益感问卷（nurse’s perceived professional benefits scale，NPPB）、中国大五人格问卷简式版（Chinesebig five personality inventory brief version，CBF-PI-B）与护士横向暴力调查问卷（nurse horizontal violence scale，HV）进行调查。采用 Pearson 相关分析变量间的相关性，采用分层回归分析护士职业获益感的影响因素。结果  529 名护士完成研究。儿科护士职业获益感总分为（140.28±19.21）分，大五人格总分为（154.45±17.64）分，横向暴力总分为（26.04±9.59）分。分层回归方程为：护士职业获益感（Y）=101.971+2.814× 与带教老师关系 -5.046× 他人推荐 -5.676× 容易找工作 -7.891× 其他 + 0.855×宜人性 -0.383× 神经质 -0.330× 横向暴力，人格特质和横向暴力可解释儿科护士职业获益感 15.1% 的变异。结论  儿科护士的职业获益感与人格特质及内部职场环境密切相关，宜人性、与带教老师关系为其积极因素，神经质倾向、不良的内部职场环境及非兴趣驱动的专业选择为其消极因素。

Objective To investigate the current status of perceived professional benefits among paediatric nurses in China and to examine their associations with the personality traits and the internal work environment，with the aim of providing a reference for paediatric nursing management. Methods Convenience sampling was used to recruit 552 paediatric nurses from 130 children hospitals，maternity and children health hospitals and general hospitals in 31 cities across 15 provinces in China between August and December 2022. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire，the nurse’s perceived professional benefits scale（NPPB）， short-form Chinese big five personality inventory（CBF-PI-B），and nurse horizontal violence scale. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the associations among the personality traits，internal work environment，and perceived professional benefits. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing nurses’perceived professional benefits. Results A total of 529 nurses completed the study. The total mean scores for perceived professional benefits of paediatric nurses，the personality traits，and internal work environment were 140.28±19.21，154.45±17.64，and 26.04±9.59，respectively. The hierarchical regression equation was: perceived professional benefits among nurses（Y）= 101.971+2.814×（relationship with clinical preceptors）-5.046×（recommendations from others）-5.676×（ease of finding a job）-7.891×（others）+0.855×（agreeableness）-0.383×（neuroticism）-0.330×（horizontal violence）. The Big Five personality traits and horizontal violence together explained 15.1% of the variance in pediatric nurses' perceived professional benefits. Conclusion Perceived professional benefits among paediatric nurses are significantly associated with personality traits and exposure to internal work environment. Specifically，higher agreeableness and a closer relationship with preceptors serve as positive correlates，whereas higher neuroticism，greater exposure to internal work environment，and non-interest-driven reasons for choosing nursing serve as negative correlates.