中青年脑卒中患者述情障碍现状、影响因素及护理策略 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的  探讨中青年脑卒中患者述情障碍现状并分析影响因素，为总结护理策略提供参考依据。方法  采用便利抽样法，选取 2024 年 2 月— 4 月浙江省某三级甲等综合医院神经内外科病房收治的 220 例脑卒中患者作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、脑卒中患者症状体验量表、脑卒中特定生存质量量表（stroke-specific quality of life scale，SSQOL）、多伦多述情障碍量表 -20（Toronto alexithymia scale，TAS-20）进行调查。采用 Pearson 相关分析中青年脑卒中患者述情障碍与脑卒中症状体验、生存质量的相关性，采用多重线性回归分析述情障碍的影响因素。结果  205 例中青年脑卒中患者完成研究。中青年脑卒中患者述情障碍得分（74.67±19.68）分，其中情绪识别障碍维度条目均分为（3.45±0.73）分，情绪表达障碍维度为（3.49±0.74）分，外向型思维维度为（3.22±0.69）分，述情障碍发生率为 74.63%。中青年脑卒中患者述情障碍与脑卒中症状体验呈正相关，与生存质量呈负相关（均 P<0.05）。文化程度、家庭人均月收入、脑卒中症状体验是中青年脑卒中患者述情障碍的保护因素，生存质量是其危险因素（均 P<0.05），共同解释其 61.50% 的变异。结论  中青年脑卒中患者述情障碍水平较高，文化程度高、家庭人均月收入≥ 2000 元、生存质量低下、症状体验深刻的中青年脑卒中患者，其述情障碍发生率高，护理工作者需尽可能寻求合适的方法引导患者表达情绪情感，避免述情障碍的发生。

Objective To explore current status of alexithymia in middle-aged and young patients with stroke，and to analysethe influencing factors and summarise the nursing strategies therefore to provide references for nursing interventions. Methods Aconvenience sampling method was used to select 220 patients who had stroke and admitted to the wards of Neurology and Neurosurgery inour hospital between February and April 2024. The patients were surveyed using a general information questionnaire，the stroke symptomexperience scale，the stroke-specific quality of life scale（SSQOL），and the Toronto alexithymia scale-20（TAS-20）. Pearson correlationanalysis was used to evaluate the relationship between alexithymia，stroke symptom experience and quality of life in middle-aged andyoung patients with stroke. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of alexithymia. Results A totalof 205 middle-aged and young patients with stroke completed the study. The mean score of the TAS-20 was 74.67±19.68，with averagesubscale scores for difficulty in identifying feelings of 3.45±0.73，difficulty in describing feelings of 3.49±0.74 and externally-oriented thinking of 3.22±0.69. The prevalence of alexithymia was 74.63%. Alexithymia was found positively correlated with stroke symptomexperience and negatively correlated with quality of life（all P<0.05）. The education，family income and stroke symptom experience werethe protective factors for alexithymia，while quality of life was a risk factor（all P<0.05）. These factors collectively explained 61.50% ofthe variance in alexithymia. Conclusion Middle-aged and young patients with stroke have a high level of alexithymia. Patients withhigher education，family monthly income ≥ 2，000 yuan，lower quality of life and higher symptom burden are more likely to developan alexithymia. Nursing staff should seek appropriate methods to guide patients in expressing their emotions in order to prevent thealexithymia.