护理本科生课程思政知信行的潜在剖面分析及其影响因素研究 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的  探讨护理本科生课程思政知信行的潜在剖面类型及其影响因素，为不同类型护理本科生课程思政策略优化提供依据。方法  采用便利抽样法，于 2024 年 3 月— 7 月选取广东省某高校 671 名护理专业本科生为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、护理专业课程思政知信行问卷、护理本科生专业认同调查问卷和杰弗逊共情量表护生版（Jefferson empathy scalenursing student edition，JSPE-NS）进行调查；以护理专业课程思政知信行问卷的 22 个条目为外显变量进行潜在剖面分析（latentprofile analysis，LPA），采用 Logistic 回归分析课程思政知信行不同潜在剖面的影响因素。结果  663 名护理本科生完成调查。其课程思政知信行类型分为 3 个潜在剖面，分别为课程思政知信行平庸组（172/663，25.9%）、课程思政知信行良好组（378/663，57.0%）、课程思政知信行杰出组（113/663，17.1%）。是否为独生子女、平均学分绩点、专业认同和共情能力是护理本科生课程思政知信行潜在剖面的影响因素（均 P<0.05）。结论  护理本科生课程思政知信行存在异质性，护理教育工作者可根据不同潜在剖面的人群特征制定针对性提升措施，助力德智体美劳全面发展的护理人才培养。

Objective To investigate the types of latent profiles and influencing factors of knowledge，attitudes and practice（KAP）in curriculum-based ideological and political education in undergraduate nursing students and to provide evidence for designof ideological and political courses tailored to different types of nursing undergraduates. Methods A convenience sampling methodwas used to recruit 671 undergraduate nursing students from our school between March and July 2024. Data were collected using ageneral data survey form，a KAP questionnaire on nursing curriculum-based ideological and political education，a professional identitysurvey for nursing undergraduates，and the Jefferson empathy scale nursing student edition（JSPE-NS）. Latent profile analysis（LPA）was conducted using 22 items of the KAP questionnaire as observed variables，and a logistic regression analysis was used to assess theinfluencing factors of different KAP latent profiles in ideological and political education. Results A total of 663 nursing undergraduatestudents completed the survey. They spread in three latent groups：a mediocre group（172/663，25.9%），a competent group（378/663，57.0%），and an exceptional group（113/663，17.1%）. From a single-child family，grade point average（GPA），professional identity and empathy were identified as the factors that influenced KAP latent profiles in curriculum based ideological and political education amongthe undergraduate nursing students（all P<0.05）. Conclusion There exists a heterogeneity in KAP in curriculum based ideologicaland political education among the undergraduate nursing students. Nursing educators should develop targeted enhancement measuresaccording to the characteristics of latent profile groups therefore to facilitate the comprehensive development of the undergraduate nursingstudents.