PCI术后患者健康促进行为的潜在剖面分析及其影响因素研究 [中文引用][英文引用]

目的  探究经皮冠状动脉介入术（percutaneous coronary intervention，PCI）术后患者健康促进行为的潜在剖面类别，并分析其影响因素，为制定针对性干预措施提高 PCI 术后患者健康促进行为提供参考。方法  采用便利抽样法，选取 2024年 2 月— 5 月在四川省某三级甲等综合医院心血管内科进行 PCI 手术的 242 例患者作为研究对象。使用一般资料调查表、健康促进生活方式量表（health-promoting lifestyle profile-Ⅱ，HPLP-II）、慢性病患者健康素养量表（health literacy managementscale，HeLMS）、领悟社会支持量表（perceived social support scale，PSSS）进行调查。对 PCI 术后患者健康促进行为进行潜在剖面分析，并通过单因素分析和多元 Logistic 回归分析探讨其影响因素。结果  共 230 例 PCI 术后患者完成研究。潜在剖面分析结果显示，PCI 术后患者健康促进行为可分为“低健康促进 - 行为不佳组”（n=71，30.9%）“中等健康促进行为组”（n=53，23.0%）“高健康促进 - 积极行为组”（n=106，46.1%）3 个潜在剖面类别；多元 Logistic 回归分析显示，医疗付费方式、合并慢性病个数、是否接受过慢性病相关知识指导、健康素养、领悟社会支持是 PCI 术后患者健康促进行为潜在剖面的影响因素（均 P<0.05）。结论  PCI 术后患者健康促进行为具有明显的分类特征。护理人员应针对各类别特点及影响因素，制定个性化干预策略，提高PCI 术后患者健康素养及领悟社会支持水平，进而提升其健康促进行为。

Objective To explore the potential cross-sectional categories of health promotion behaviors in patients after PCI andanalyze their influencing factors，so as to provide a reference for formulating targeted interventions to improve health promotion behaviorsin patients after PCI. Methods A total of 242 patients who underwent PCI surgery in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of atertiary hospital in Sichuan Province from February to May 2024 were selected by convenience sampling method. The general informationquestionnaire，the health promotion lifestyle scale，the health literacy scale for patients with chronic diseases，and the perceived socialsupport scale were used to conduct the survey. The potential profile analysis of health promotion behaviors in patients after PCI was carried out，and the influencing factors were explored by univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results A totalof 230 patients after PCI completed the study. The results of potential profile analysis showed that the health promotion behaviors ofpatients after PCI could be divided into three potential profiles：“low health promotion-poor behavior group”（n=71，30.9%），“mediumhealth promotion behavior group”（n=53，23.0%），and“high health promotion-positive behavior group”（n=106，46.1%）. Logisticregression analysis showed that medical payment methods，the number of chronic diseases，whether they had received chronic diseaserelated knowledge guidance，health literacy，and social support were the influencing factors of the potential profile of health promotionbehaviors of patients after PCI（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The health promotion behaviors of patients after PCI have obvious categoricalcharacteristics. Nursing staff should formulate personalized intervention strategies according to the characteristics and influencing factorsof each category，improve the health literacy and comprehension of social support of patients after PCI，and then improve their healthpromotion behaviors.